ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB KESULITAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS IV DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL HOTS (HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS) PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA

THE DIFFICULTIES CAUSES FACTORS ANALYSIS OF FOURTH GRADERS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN SOLVING HOTS (HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS) QUESTIONS IN SCIENCE SUBJECT

Kemampuan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah, menelaah masalah, serta mampu menggunakan pengetahuannya ke dalam situasi yang baru ditemuinya disebut dengan kemampuan High Order Thinking Skills. Untuk dapat mengetahui kemampuan peserta didik dalam penguasaan HOTs dapat dilakukan dengan kegiatan pemberian soal berbasis HOTs, kemudahan dan kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs tentunya dialami oleh peserta didik. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti memaparkan hasil penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat menyebabkan peserta didik kelas IV mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs pada mata pelajaran IPA materi energi alternatif dan penggunaannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN Masangan Kulon Kecamatan Sukodono Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IV A, IV B, dan IV C, dimana setiap kelas diambil 5 peserta didik. Pengambilan subjek dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu wawancara, kuisioner, dan studi dokumentasi, sedangkan instrumen yang digunakan oleh peneliti, yaitu pedoman wawancara guru, kuisioner peserta didik, dan soal tes berbasis HOTs. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian nilai yang diperoleh peserta didik setelah menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs, yaitu dibawah KKM. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs. Adapun faktor yang dapat menyebabkan peserta didik kelas IV mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs, yaitu karena peserta didik yang belum  terbiasa dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis HOTs, peserta didik masih memerlukan bantuan orang lain dalam menyelesaikan soal, kesulitan dalam memahami kalimat atau maksud dari soal, kurang teliti dalam membaca dan memahami soal, serta pemahaman materi yang kurang. Dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTs terkadang guru perlu memberi stimulus pada peserta didik agar peserta didik dapat menyelesaikan soal HOTs tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Faktor Kesulitan, Soal HOTs, IPA.

Students’ ability in solving and analyzing problems and to be able to utilize their knowledge in the new situation which they just find is called High Order Thinking Skills. To know the students’ ability in the mastery of HOTs, it can be conducted by giving HOTs-based questions. The difficulties and easiness in solving HOTs-based questions must have been experienced by the students. In this study, the researcher explains the research results about the factors which make the fourth graders have difficulty in solving HOTs-based questions in Science subject for alternative energy and its use material. The study was conducted at Masangan Kulon Elementary School, Sukodono, Sidoarjo. The type of research conducted was descriptive qualitative. The subjects were the students of IV A, IV B, and IV C, it was taken 5 students for each class. The subjects were selected by purposive sampling. The data collection techniques were interviews, documentation study, and questionnaires, while the instruments used were teacher interview guidelines, students’ questionnaires, and HOTs-based test questions. Based on the research results, the scores obtained by the students after completing HOTs-based questions were below the average score. This study also showed that the students have difficulty in solving HOTs-based questions. The factors that caused the fourth graders in having difficulty while solving HOTs-based questions were the students were not used to solving HOTs-based questions, the students still needed other’s help in solving the questions, the difficulty in understanding the sentence or meaning of the questions, less thorough in reading and understanding the questions, and a lack of understanding of the materials. In solving HOTs-based questions, sometimes the teachers need to provide a stimulus to the students to make them can solve the HOTs questions.

Keywords: Difficulties Factors, HOTs question, Natural Science.