Pengembangan Flashcard Hanzi sebagai Media Pembelajaran Hanzi pada Siswa Kelas X IPA 1 SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya

Development of Hanzi Flashcards as Hanzi Learning Media for Class X IPA 1 Students of SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya

Abstrak

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan media flashcard hanzi sebagai media pembelajaran hanzi. Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan media flashcard hanzi, mendeskripsikan hasil validasi media flashcard hanzi, dan mendeskripsikan keefektifan media flashcard hanzi sebagai media pembelajaran hanzi. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti yaitu jenis penelitian pengembangan atau R&D (Research and Development) dengan model pengembangan media dari Sugiyono . Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas X IPA 1 SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Data penelitian ini berupa data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari lembar angket, lembar validasi, serta hasil pre-test dan post-test siswa. Lembar angket dan lembar validasi dianalisis menggunakan teknik persentase dengan kategori persentase skala Likert, sedangkan hasil pre-test dan post-test dianalisis dengan rumus uji t-signifikasi dengan taraf signifikasi 5%. Setelah data dianalisis diperoleh hasil berikut ini. Pada proses pengembangan media tahap potensi dan masalah, angket kebutuhan siswa menujukkan persentase 93% siswa membutuhkan media pendukung dalam pembelajaran hanzi. Pada tahap desain media, materi diambil dari buku paket bahasa Mandarin汉语教程：上, kemudian gambar flashcard hanzi diperoleh dari visualisasi hanzi. Pada tahap revisi media dilakukan berdasarkan saran yang diberikan ahli materi yaitu terkait pemilihan materi pada flashcard yang harus disesuaikan dengan materi pada buku paket bahasa Mandarin dan saran ahli media terkait desain gambar media.  Pada hasil validasi, lembar validasi diberikan pada validator ahli materi dan validator ahli media. Hasil validasi materi mendapat skor persentase sebesar 82% yang berarti baik sesuai kategori persentase skala Likert, sedangkan validasi media mendapat skor persentase 90% yang berarti sangat baik sesuai kategori persentase skala Likert. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa flashcard hanzi layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran hanzi dengan perbaikan berdasarkan saran dari kedua validator. Keefektifan media dilihat berdasarkan hasil uji t-signifikasi dengan taraf signifikasi 5% yang memperoleh hasil t_{0 >} t_s (8,1>1,69) yang berarti t₀ signifikan. Sehingga disimpulkan penggunaan flashcard hanzi berpengaruh dalam peningkatan pembelajaran hanzi siswa. Kemudian hasil angket respon siswa menunjukkan persentase 93% yang berarti sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran hanzi menggunakan flashcard hanzi dapat diterima positif sebagai media pembelajaran hanzi oleh siswa kelas X IPA 1.

Kata Kunci: Pengembangan media, flashcard hanzi, pembelajaran hanzi.

Abstract

This research is a research on the development of hanzi flashcard media as a hanzi learning. The purpose of this development research is to describe the process of developing hanzi flashcard media, describe the validation results of hanzi flashcard media, and describe the effectiveness of hanzi flashcard media as a hanzi learning. The type of research conducted by researchers is development research or R&D (Research and Development) with the media development model from Sugiyono. The subjects of this study were class X IPA 1 SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya, which consisted of 36 students. The research data is in the form of quantitative data obtained from questionnaires, validation sheets, as well as the results of the students' pre-test and post-test. Questionnaire sheets and validation sheets were analyzed using the percentage technique with the Likert scale percentage category, while the pre-test and post-test results were analyzed using the t-significance test formula with a significance level of 5%. After the data is analyzed, the following results are obtained. In the process of developing the media in the potential and problem stages, the student needs questionnaire showed a percentage of 93% of students needed supporting media in learning hanzi. At the media design stage, the material was taken from the Chinese package book 汉语教程：上, then the hanzi flashcard images were obtained from hanzi visualization. At the media revision stage, it was carried out based on the advice given by material experts, namely regarding the selection of material on the flashcard which had to be adapted to the material in the Chinese language textbook and the advice of media experts regarding the design of media images. On the results of the validation, the validation sheet is given to the material expert validator and the media expert validator. The results of the material validation got a percentage score of 82% which means good according to the Likert scale percentage category, while media validation got a percentage score of 90% which means very good according to the Likert scale percentage category. This shows that hanzi flashcards are appropriate for use as Chinese learning media with improvements based on suggestions from the two validators. The effectiveness of the media was seen based on the results of the t-significance test with a significance level of 5% which obtained t0 > ts (8.1 > 1.69) which means t0 is significant. So it was concluded that the use of Chinese flashcards had an effect on improving students' Chinese learning. Then the results of the student response questionnaire show a percentage of 93% which means very good. Thus, it can be concluded that learning hanzi using hanzi flashcards can be positively accepted as a medium for learning hanzi by students of class X IPA 1.