ABSTRACT
Bakri, Muhammad . 2019. Effect
of State Expenditures in the Education, Foreign Debt, Gini Ratios, and
Competitiveness Index on Community Welfare in ASEAN Regional Countries
(ASEAN-5). Thesis, Economic Education Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Universitas
Negeri Surabaya. Advisor: (I) Prof. Dr. H. Ady Soejoto, S.E., M.Si., and (II)
Dr. Susanti, S.Pd., M.Si.
Key Words: Education
Expenditures, Foreign Debt, Gini Ratio, Competitiveness, Welfare.
This study aims to analyze: 1) the influence of state spending in the education
sector on the welfare of the people in the ASEAN-5 region. 2) the influence of
foreign debt on people's welfare in the ASEAN-5 region. 3) the influence of the
Gini ratio on people's welfare in the ASEAN-5 region. 4) the influence of the
Gini ratio on people's welfare in the ASEAN-5 region. and 5) Influence of state
expenditures in the education sector, foreign debt, Gini ratio, and
simultaneous competitiveness index on people's welfare in the ASEAN-5 region.
This study uses secondary data obtained from the World Bank and UNDP. The data analysis
technique used is panel data regression analysis with cross-section five
countries and time series for eleven years (2006-2016). The results of the
study produced a fixed-effect model as the best model.
Based on the results of data analysis, it can be
concluded that state expenditures in the education sector and competitiveness
index partially influence the welfare of the people in the ASEAN-5 region,
while foreign debt and the Gini ratio have no effect. Simultaneously, state
expenditures in the education sector, foreign debt, Gini ratio, and competitiveness
index influence the welfare of the people in the ASEAN-5 region. Where state
expenditure in the education sector, foreign debt, Gini ratio, and
competitiveness index can explain 98.21% of its influence on people's welfare
in the ASEAN-5 region. The rest is influenced by factors outside the model.