Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Discovery Learning pada Materi Sistem Saraf untuk Melatih Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas XI

The Development of Student Worksheet Based on Discovery Learning of Nervous System Material to Train Critical Thinking Skills of 11th Grade Students

Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu tuntutan dari pembelajaran abad 21, kurangnya bahan ajar yang melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pembelajaran yang konvensional mengakibatkan rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan LKPD berbasis Discovery Learning materi Sistem Saraf untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas XI yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE, metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode validasi untuk tingkat validitas, metode observasi dan angket untuk tingkat kepraktisan, dan metode tes untuk tingkat keefektifan yang dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil rata-rata validasi sebesar 3,87 dengan kriteria sangat valid. Hasil kepraktisan berdasarkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 96,87%, berdasarkan hasil angket sebesar 97% keduanya mendapatkan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil keefektifan berdasarkan ketuntasan hasil belajar sebesar 100% dengan rata-rata nilai 91,5 termasuk dalam kriteria efektif, kemudian berdasarkan keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 90% pada indikator berpikir kritis interpretasi, dan 93,75% pada indikator berpikir kritis analisis dan inferensi, dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Dengan demikian dapat diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan valid, praktis, dan efektif.

Kata Kunci: LKPD, Discovery Learning, sistem saraf, berpikir kritis.

Critical thinking is one of the demands of 21st-century learning, the lack of teaching materials that train critical thinking skills and conventional learning results in low student learning outcomes. This study aims to produce a student worksheet of Discovery Learning-based on Nervous System material to train the critical thinking skills students of grade 11th with the valid, practical, and effective. This type of research was a development research with the ADDIE model, the data collection method uses validation methods for the level of validity, observation and questionnaire methods for the level of practicality, and test methods for the level of effectiveness, which were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. The average validation result was 3.87, with very valid criteria. The results of practicality based on the implementation of learning were 96,87% and based on the results of questionnaires of 97%, both them got very practical criteria. The effectiveness results based on the completeness of learning outcomes of 100% with an average score of 91.5 are included in the effective criteria, then based on critical thinking skills by 90% on the indicators of critical thinking interpretation, and 93.75% on the indicators of critical thinking analysis and inference, with a very high category. It can be concluded that the developed student worksheet is valid, practical, and effective.

Keywords: student worksheet, Discovery Learning, critical thinking, nervous system.