Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol dan Histologi Aorta Mencit Hiperkolesterolemia

Effectiveness of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract on Cholesterol Levels and Aortic Histology in Hypercholesterolemia Mice

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji efektivitas pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol dan perbaikan tingkat kerusakan histologi aorta mencit (Mus musculus) hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap terbagi dalam kelompok kontrol negatif (pakan pur) dan positif (pakan pur+kuning telur puyuh), perlakuan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang dosis 11,2, 16,8, 22,4, dan 28 mg/20gBB+pakan pur+kuning telur puyuh dengan empat pengulangan. Parameter: kadar kolesterol [total, LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), dan HDL (High Density Lipoprotein)] diuji menggunakan alat glukometer, histologi aorta mencit diamati menggunakan mikroskop. Data kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan HDL dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA. Data histologi aorta dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan ada pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total secara signifikan (P<0,005), kadar LDL tidak signifikan (P>0,108) maupun kadar HDL (P>0,105), demikian pula dapat menurunkan tingkat kerusakan histologi aorta sangat signifikan (P<0,000) terhadap mencit hiperkolesterolemia. Dosis terbaiknya yang dapat menurunkan kolesterol total, jumlah LDL dan HDL serta perbaikan tingkat kerusakan aorta paling rendah adalah 28 mg/20gBB. Simpulan penelitian ini pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan memperbaiki tingkat kerusakan histologi aorta. Daun pepaya Jepang dapat dikonsumsi untuk menurunkan kolesterol dan memperbaiki kerusakan histologi aorta.

The study aims to assess the effectiveness of Japanese papaya leaf extract in decreasing cholesterol and aortic damage in hypercholesterolemia mice. This research used a completely randomized design, divided into negative (pellets feed), positive control groups (pellets feed+quail egg yolk), treatment of giving Japanese papaya leaf extract doses 11,2; 16,8; 22,4; 28mg/20gBB+pellets feed+quail egg yolk with four repetitions. Parameters: [total cholesterol levels, LDL, and HDL tested using Nesco Multi Check tool, and aortic histology of mice observed using a microscope. Total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels were analyzed using the ANOVA test. Aortic histology data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. ANOVA test results showed a significant effect of Japanese papaya leaf extract on reduction total cholesterol levels P<0,005. However, LDL and HDL levels not notable (P>0,108), and (P>0,105). It could reduce the level of aortic histological damage very significantly (P<0,000) of hypercholesterolemia mice. Its doses which could reduce cholesterol levels, LDL, HDL levels and improve the level of low aortic damage was 28mg/20gBB. The conclusion, it can lower cholesterol levels and improve the level of aortic histological damage. It can consume to lowering cholesterol levels and improve the level of aortic histological damage.