Kemampuan pemecahan masalah atau problem solving merupakan kumpulan dari beberapa tahapan yaitu identify, define, enumerate, analyze, list, dan self-correct. Setiap tahapan dari problem solving bertujuan untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan e-book berbasis problem solving pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa yang layak berdasarkan validitas, kepraktisan dan efektifitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Dessiminate. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan pada 20 peserta didik kelas XII IPA 2 SMA Negeri 16 Surabaya. Parameter dari penelitian ini meliputi validitas yang dilihat dari hasil validitas para ahli, kepraktisan yang dilihat dari uji keterbacaan, respon peserta didik dan guru biologi, serta kefektifan e-book dalam melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Validitas e-book ditinjau berdasarkan kelayakan isi, kelayakan penyajian, dan kelayakan kebahasaan. Hasil penelitian validasi e-book menunjukkan bahwa memperoleh skor rata-rata yaitu 3,87dengan kategori sangat valid. Kepraktisan e-book ditinjau berdasarkan hasil uji coba keterbacaan, respon siswa dan respon guru. Hasil uji coba keterbacaan menunjukkan bahwa e-book berada pada level 12 yang sesuai untuk digunakan peserta didik kelas XII SMA. Respon siswa dan respon guru terhadap e-book menunjukkan hasil sangat positif dengan persentase secara berturut-turut yaitu 97,4% dan 100%. E-Book dinyatakan efektif untuk melatihkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan presentase ketuntasan indikator sebesar 85,26%.
Kata Kunci : e-Book, Problem Solving, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan, Berpikir Kritis.
The ability to solve problems or problem-solving is a collection of several steps which has identify, define, enumerate, analyze, list, and self-correct. Each stage of problem solving aims to practice critical thinking skills. The purpose of this research is to produce a problem-solving based e-book on plant growth and development topic to facilitate students' critical thinking skills based on validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This study uses a 4-D development model namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. Limited trials were conducted on 20 students of class XII IPA 2 of SMA Negeri 16 Surabaya. The parameters of this study include the validity seen from the results of the validity of the experts, the practicality seen from the readability test, the responses of students and biology teachers, and the effectiveness of the e-book in practicing critical thinking skills. The validity of the e-book is reviewed based on the appropriateness of the content, the appropriateness of the presentation, and the appropriateness of the language. The results of the e-book validation study showed that obtaining an average score of 3.87 with a very valid category. The practicality of the e-book is reviewed based on the results of the trial readability, student responses, and teacher responses. The readability test results indicate that the e-book is at level 12 which is suitable for use by high school class XII students. Student responses and teacher responses to e-books showed very positive results with percentages respectively 97.4% and 100%. E-Book was declared effective for practicing critical thinking skills with a percentage of completeness indicators of 85.26%.
Keywords : e-Book, Problem-Solving, Plant Growth and Development, Critical Thinking