PENGARUH METODE APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK AUTISM DI LEMBAGA INSAN MUTIARA MANDIRI BALONGBENDO SIDOARJO

THE EFFECT OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) METHOD ON TOILET TRAINING ABILITY IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM AT INSAN MUTIARA MANDIRI INSTITUTION BALONGBENDO SIDOARJO

Anak autism menghadapi tantangan dalam kemandirian khususnya yaitu dalam kemampuan toilet training yang baik dan benar. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan toilet training pada anak autism, diperlukan suatu metode yang tepat salah satunya yaitu metode pendekatan Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) melalui media visual support berupa sikuen toilet training. Metode ABA diterapkan karena dapat memberikan penguatan positif secara sistematis dan terstruktur sehingga lebih efektif dalam membentuk perilaku kemandirian khusunya toilet training pada anak autism.

Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan pre-eksperimental One grup pretest-posttest desain. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri atas 6 anak autism. Penelitian ini menggunakan statistik non-parametrik berupa uji Wilcoxon macth pair test. skor rata-rata pretest subjek memperoleh nilai 51,67, post-test meningkat hingga diperoleh skor 79,17. Analisis data menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (p-value) 0,043 lebih rendah dari taraf signifikansi 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa metode Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan toilet training pada anak autism di Lembaga Insan Mutiara Mandiri Balongbendo.

Children with autism face significant challenges in independence, particularly in mastering proper toilet training. To improve these skills, an appropriate method is required, such as the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) approach utilizing visual supports in the form of toilet training sequences. The ABA method is implemented because it provides systematic and structured positive reinforcement, making it highly effective in shaping independent behaviors—specifically toilet training—in children with autism.

This research applied a quantitative method with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study consisted of 6 autistic children. This research utilized non-parametric statistics in the form of the Wilcoxon Match Pair Test. The average pretest score was 51.67, and the posttest increased to 79.17. Data analysis showed a probability value (p-value) of 0.043, which is lower than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. This proves that the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method has a significant effect on toilet training abilities in autistic children at Lembaga Insan Mutiara Mandiri Balongbendo.