Development of Learning Management System to Observe Project-Based Learning in Improving Web Developer Competence by Implementing Computational Thinking Skills (Case Study of Grade XI RPL Students of SMKN 2 Surabaya)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menganalisis kontribusi Learning Management System (LMS) berbasis Project-Based Learning (PjBL) dalam meningkatkan kompetensi web developer dengan mengimplementasikan keterampilan berpikir komputasi siswa kelas XI RPL SMKN 2 Surabaya. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah adanya kesenjangan antara kompetensi lulusan dengan kebutuhan industri serta rendahnya keterampilan literasi dan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa, yang salah satunya tecermin dari hasil PISA Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) dan pendekatan kuasi-eksperimental (Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design). Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 40 siswa yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan LMS "e-Asram" dengan model PjBL dan kelompok kontrol dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes (kognitif dan psikomotorik), angket, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LMS "e-Asram" yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid oleh para ahli, dengan persentase kelayakan media sebesar 88,4%, modul ajar 87,4%, materi 86,4%, dan soal 85%. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan Mann-Whitney U menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Nilai signifikansi untuk peningkatan kognitif (N-Gain) adalah 0,047 (< 0,05) dan untuk keterampilan psikomotorik adalah 0,000 (< 0,05). Kelompok eksperimen menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulannya, pengembangan LMS "e-Asram" dengan model PjBL terbukti efektif dan layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi web developer siswa secara signifikan.

This study aims to develop and analyze the contribution of Project-Based Learning (PjBL)-based Learning Management System (LMS) in improving web developer competency by implementing computational thinking skills of grade XI RPL students of SMKN 2 Surabaya. The background of this study is the gap between graduate competency and industry needs and the low literacy and high-level thinking skills of students, one of which is reflected in the results of PISA Indonesia. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model and a quasi-experimental approach (Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design). The research subjects consisted of 40 students who were divided into an experimental group using the "e-Asram" LMS with the PjBL model and a control group with conventional learning. Data collection was carried out through tests (cognitive and psychomotor), questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The results of the study showed that the developed LMS "e-Asram" was declared very valid by experts, with a percentage of media feasibility of 88.4%, teaching modules 87.4%, materials 86.4%, and questions 85%. The results of the hypothesis test using Mann-Whitney U showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. The significance value for cognitive improvement (N-Gain) was 0.047 (<0.05) and for psychomotor skills was 0.000 (<0.05). The experimental group showed a significantly higher increase in learning outcomes compared to the control group. In conclusion, the development of the LMS "e-Asram" with the PjBL model has proven to be effective and feasible to be used to significantly improve students' web developer competencies.