Dinamika Beban Pengasuhan (Caregiver Burden) pada Ayah yang Merawat Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder

The Dynamics of Cargiver in Fathers Caring for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

        Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors. This condition requires intensive and continuous caregiving, which often leads to physical, psychological, social, and financial strain for parents. While most studies on caregiver burden emphasize the role of mothers, the father's role in caring for a child with ASD is equally important to explore, as fathers also face complex daily challenges.

              This study aims to understand the dynamics of caregiver burden experienced by fathers who care for children with ASD. A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was employed to explore the participants' subjective experiences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations with five fathers selected using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).

                The findings reveal that fathers experience caregiver burden in several aspects: physical (fatigue, sleep disturbances, limited personal time), psychological (stress, anxiety, guilt, despair), social (isolation and strain in social relationships), and financial (economic difficulties in meeting the child’s therapy needs). Additionally, coping strategies such as emotional regulation and acceptance of the child's condition were identified. Support from spouses and family also played a significant role in alleviating the burden. These findings highlight the importance of acknowledging the father’s role in caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder and the need for comprehensive support for both parents.

Keywords: caregiver burden, father, child with autism, phenomenology.