The formation of dental caries is the
result of the activity of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. One of the efforts to
prevent dental caries is by using toothpaste containing antibacterial compounds
such as hydroxyapatite-nanosilver-clove oil. This study aims to synthesize and
characterize the hydroxyapatite-nanosilver oil of cloves as an antibacterial
that causes dental caries. In this study, physical properties were tested,
namely particle size with PSA, spreadability, stickiness, homogeneity, and
chemical properties test in the form of functional groups with FTIR, pH, and
antibacterial activity with disc diffusion method. This study used 2%
hydroxyapatite, 10 ppm nanosilver, tween 80, xanthan gum, 70% sorbitol, sodium
benzoate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium saccharin, calcium carbonate, peppermintt,
distilled water, clove oil with variations in the addition of concentrations of
1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. The synthesis results produced a toothpaste preparation
made from hydroxyapatite-nanosilver-clove oil as evidenced by the results of
FTIR characterization showing the presence of OH-, CO32-, PO43-, C-H, C-O, and
C=O functional groups. PSA results show
hydroxyapatite-nanosilver-clove oil has an average size of 4464 nm which is not
included in the nanoparticle category (<100 nm). The toothpaste
spreadability test resulted in a spread diameter of 5-6 cm which met the
requirements for paste spreadability (5-7 cm), while the adhesion test resulted
in adhesion (7-12 seconds) which has not met the ideal requirements (1-6
seconds). The pH measurement resulted in a toothpaste pH of 8.8-9.0 which is
following SNI (4.5-10.5). The homogeneity test of the toothpaste has met the
requirements according to SNI, namely the absence of air bubbles, clumps, and
separated particles. The antibacterial activity test showed that the
hydroxyapatite-nanosilver-clove oil toothpaste formulation was able to inhibit
the growth of S.mutans bacteria with the highest inhibition diameter in the
variation of adding 4% concentration of clove oil, namely 14.99 mm with
normally distributed data (p>0.05). One Way ANOVA statistical analysis
showed that the treatment variation had a significantly different effect
(p<0.05). LSD statistical analysis showed that F2 had a good antibacterial
effect. Hedonic and Duncan's test statistical analysis showed F2 was the best
formula and F4 was the worst formula.