ANALISA KETEBALAN PANCI PRESTO SESUAI TEKANAN PENGGUNAAN BERBASIS KOMPUTASI NUMERIK 

ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE COOKER THICKNESS ACCORDING TO PRESSURE OF USE BASED ON NUMERICAL COMPUTING

Abstrak

        Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketebalan optimal dinding panci presto berbahan stainless steel 304 dalam menahan tekanan kerja 3 bar. Simulasi dilakukan dengan metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA) melalui perangkat lunak ANSYS. Variasi ketebalan dinding yang diuji adalah 1 mm, 1,5 mm, 2 mm, dan 3 mm. Sementara itu, ketebalan tutup panci sebesar 3 mm dan dasar 5 mm. Model panci berbentuk silinder berdiameter 40 cm dan tinggi 50 cm dianalisis terhadap tegangan Von Mises, deformasi total, regangan, faktor keamanan, dan umur kelelahan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan 1 mm memiliki tegangan Von Mises sebesar 60,234 MPa dengan faktor keamanan 3,406, di bawah batas aman 3,5. Ketebalan 1,5 mm memberikan hasil optimal dengan tegangan 40,157 MPa, deformasi 0,049 mm, regangan 0,00019791 mm/mm, faktor keamanan 5,1391, dan umur kelelahan lebih dari 1 juta siklus. Ketebalan 2 mm dan 3 mm menunjukkan performa lebih tinggi namun dianggap overdesign. Dasar panci 5 mm tidak memenuhi standar keamanan karena memiliki faktor keamanan hanya 0,76787. Oleh karena itu, ketebalan optimal yang direkomendasikan adalah 1,5 mm.

Kata Kunci: panci presto, ketebalan optimal, tekanan kerja, metode elemen hingga, ANSYS, faktor keamanan 

Abstract

        This study aims to analyze the optimal wall thickness of a pressure cooker made from stainless steel 304 to withstand a working pressure of 3 bar. Numerical simulation was conducted using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through ANSYS software. The wall thickness variations examined were 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm, with the lid and base thicknesses set at 3 mm and 5 mm respectively. The cylindrical model, 40 cm in diameter and 50 cm in height, was analyzed for Von Mises stress, total deformation, strain, safety factor, and fatigue life. Results showed that a 1 mm thickness had a Von Mises stress of 60.234 MPa and a safety factor of 3.406, below the minimum requirement of 3.5. A 1.5 mm thickness yielded the best performance with 40.157 MPa stress, 0.049 mm deformation, 0.00019791 mm/mm strain, a 5.1391 safety factor, and fatigue life exceeding one million cycles. While 2 mm and 3 mm provided higher mechanical performance, they were considered overdesign. The 5 mm base failed to meet the safety requirement with a safety factor of only 0.76787. Therefore, 1.5 mm thickness is recommended as the most efficient and safe option.

Keywords: pressure cooker, optimal thickness, working pressure, finite element method, ANSYS, safety factor