Development of Flipbook Type Interactive E-book on Enzymes and Metabolism Material to Train Critical Thinking Skills of 12th Grade Students
Memasuki abad 21, pembelajaran dituntut berbasis teknologi untuk menyeimbangkan tuntutan era milenial dan menerapkan kompetensi 4C. Salah satu kompetensi tersebut yaitu keterampilan dalam berpikir kritis. Namun saat ini bahan ajar yang ada di sekolah masih belum melatihkan berpikir kritis dan pemanfaatan teknologi pada proses pembelajaran juga masih belum maksimal terutama pada pelajaran biologi materi enzim dan metabolisme. Materi enzim dan metabolisme bersifat kompleks dan sulit diindra sehingga peserta didik merasa kesulitan dalam memahami materi. Salah satu solusi dari kesenjangan tersebut yakni menyediakan bahan ajar yang dapat membantu peserta didik memahami materi enzim dan metabolisme, serta membuat peserta didik lebih aktif dan terampil dalam berpikir kritis. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni menghasilkan E-book interaktif tipe flipbook pada materi enzim dan metabolisme untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas XII SMA yang layak secara teoritis dan empiris serta mendeskripsikan kelayakan E-book menurut hasil validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu Research and Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation). Data penelitian yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan validitas E-book yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid ditinjau dari penilaian ahli berdasarkan aspek tampilan, isi, dan bahasa dengan persentase sebesar 98,75%. Kepraktisan E-book dinyatakan sangat praktis berdasarkan respon positif peserta didik dengan pemerolehan persentase sebesar 97,60% dan hasil uji keterbacaan pada tingkat 10 dengan kategori praktis. Keefektifan E-book ditinjau dari analisis n-Gain hasil pretest dan posttest dinyatakan efektif dengan skor n-Gain sebesar 0,67 serta persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik sebesar 83% dengan kategori tuntas.
Entering the 21st century, learning must be technology-based to balance the demands of the millennial era and implement 4C competencies. One of these competencies is critical thinking. However, currently, the teaching materials in schools still do not train in critical thinking, and the use of technology in the learning process is still not optimal, especially in biology lessons regarding enzymes and metabolism. The material of enzymes and metabolism is complex and difficult to perceive, so students find it difficult to understand the material. One solution to this gap is to provide teaching materials that can help students understand enzymes and metabolism material, as well as make students more active and skilled in critical thinking. The aim of this research is to produce a flipbook-type interactive E-book on enzymes and metabolism to train the critical thinking skills of class; research and development was carried out using the ADDIE development model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The obtained research data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The research results show that the validity of the developed E-book is valid in terms of expert assessment based on aspects of appearance, content, and language with a percentage of 98.75%. The practicality of the E-book was stated to be very practical based on the positive responses of students (97.60%) and the results of the readability test at level 10 in the practical category. The effectiveness of the E-book in terms of the n-Gain analysis of the pretest and posttest results was declared effective with an n-Gain score of 0.67 and a percentage completeness of student learning outcomes of 83% in the complete category.