KEPERLUAN DIRI TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL TRAUMA KARYA BOY CANDRA: KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI HUMANISTIK ABRAHAM MASLOW

THE SELF-NEEDS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS IN THE NOVEL TRAUMA BY BOY CANDRA: A STUDY OF ABRAHAM MASLOW'S HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keperluan diri tokoh utama dalam novel Trauma karya Boy Candra berdasarkan teori keperluan Abraham Maslow yang terdiri atas lima tingkatan. Selain itu, juga mendeskripsikan dampak psikologis yang muncul akibat tidak terpenuhinya sebagian keperluan tersebut dalam diri tokoh utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa dialog tokoh dalam novel Trauma. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca dan catat, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model analisis data induktif. Dalam penelitian ini validasi data dilakukan pakar sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Kimara, hanya dua keperluan yang terpenuhi dengan baik, yaitu keperluan fisiologis dan keperluan harga diri. Sedangkan tiga keperluan lainnya tidak terpenuhi secara optimal sehingga berdampak pada kondisi mental tokoh Kimara.

Kata Kunci: Psikologi sastra, Psikologi humanistik, Abraham Maslow, Novel Trauma, Boy Candra 

This study aims to describe the main character's needs in Boy Candra's novel Trauma based on Abraham Maslow's five-level theory of needs. In addition, it also describes the psychological impact that arises from the unfulfillment of some of these needs in the main character. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literary psychology approach. The data collected are in the form of character dialogues in the novel Trauma. The data collection technique used was reading and note-taking, while data analysis used an inductive data analysis model. In this study, data validation was carried out by literary experts. The results of the study show that only two of Kimara's needs were well fulfilled, namely physiological needs and self-esteem needs. Meanwhile, the other three needs were not optimally fulfilled, which had an impact on Kimara's mental condition.

Keywords: Literary psychology, Humanistic psychology, Abraham Maslow, Trauma novel, Boy Candra